KR7a0024
卷6
欽定古今圖書集成理學彙編字學典
第六卷目錄
字學總部彙考六
宋鄭樵通志四〈因借而借 語辭之借 五音之借 三詩之借 十日之借 十二辰之借 方言之借 雙音並義不為假借 六書總計 起一成文圖 因文成象圖 古今殊文圖 一代殊文圖 諸國殊文圖 殊文總論 論急慢聲諧 論高下聲諧 論諧聲之惑 論象形之惑 論一二之所生 論子母 論子母所自 論省文 論篆隸 論創意 論變更 論遷革 論便從 論華梵上 論華梵中 論華梵下〉
張君房雲笈七籤〈八顯書〉
字學典第六卷
字學總部彙考六
《宋·鄭樵·通志四》《因借而借》
難，鳥也。因音借為艱難之難。因艱難之難，借為險難之難。〈去聲〉
為，母猴也。因音借為作為之為。因作為之為，借為相為之為。〈去聲〉
射，本射御之射，因義借為發射之射。〈食亦切〉因發射之音，借為無射之射。〈音亦律名〉
斁，本厭斁之斁。〈羊益切〉因義借為斁敗之斁。〈啟路切書彝倫攸斁〉因斁敗之音，借為斁墍之斁。〈音徒書惟其斁墍茨〉享，〈音響〉本饗也。因義借為亨飪之亨。〈普庚切〉因亨飪之音，借為亨嘉之亨。
來，本麥也。因音借為往來之來。因往來之義，借為勞來之來。〈音賚〉
<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page20218-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，矛柄也。因音借為矜憐之矜。因矜憐之義，借為矜寡之矜。〈音鰥〉
適，往也。因音借為適責之適。〈音謫詩勿予禍適〉因適責之音，借為適匹之適。〈音敵禮大夫訃於同國適者〉
參，〈七南切〉閒廁也。因義借為參差之參。〈楚金切〉因參差之音，借為參伐之參。〈所金切〉
邪，本琅邪之邪。因音借為語辭之邪。因語辭之義，借為虛邪之邪。〈音徐詩其虛其邪〉
食，本啖食之食。因義借為飲食之食。〈音伺〉因飲食之音，借為食其之食。〈音異〉
費，本費用之費。因音借為費邑之費。因費邑之義，借為費氏之費。〈扶未切〉
崔，本南山崔崔之崔。〈子推切〉因義借為崔嵬之崔。〈慈回切〉因崔嵬之音，借為崔氏之崔。〈音崔〉
不，本鄂不韡韡之不〈。音趺〉因音借為可不之不。〈音否〉因可不之義，借為不可之不。〈音弗〉
填，本填塞之填。因義借為填壓之填。〈音鎮〉因填壓之音，借為填久之填。〈音塵詩倉兄填兮〉
罷，本罷置之罷。因義借為罷困之罷。〈音疲〉因罷困之音，借為罷辜之罷。〈鋪逼切禮以罷辜祭四方〉
質，本質幣之質。〈音贄〉因義借為交質之質。〈音至〉因交質之音，借為形質之質。
畜，本田畜之畜。〈敕六切〉借為畜養之畜。因畜養之義，借為六畜之畜。〈許又切〉
治，〈平聲〉水也。因音借為治理之治。因治理之義，借為平治之治。〈去聲〉
乞，氣也。因音借為與人之乞。〈音氣〉因與人之義，借為求人之乞。〈入聲〉
能，〈奴來切〉獸也。因義借為能鱉之能。〈三足鱉〉因能鱉之音，借為能事之能。〈音耐〉又為三能之能。〈音台〉
凡此之類，並因借而借。
右四十三
《語辭之借》
序曰：書者，象也。凡有形有象者，則可以為象，故有其書。無形無象者，則不可為象，故無其書。語辭是也。語辭之用，雖多而主義不立，並從假借之菌也者。陰也。於鳥也。云雲也，焉鳶也，邪琅邪，之地，每原，田之。兒〈每本音梅借為上聲〉惟思也，唯應也。〈本上聲乃唯諾之唯借平聲〉而面毛也，須髭也。夫〈音扶〉本丈夫也，害本災害也。〈本去聲借音曷詩害澣害否〉斯析也，然燎也。蓋艸覆也，其箕也。豈鎧也，以薏苡實也矣。箭鏃也，員物數也。〈音云詩聊樂我員〉己儿也，既小食也。盍覆也，且〈子余切〉薦几也。為母猴也，居蹲也。諸辨也，〈詩日居月諸〉與授也。〈為語辭平聲〉爾華繁也，〈詩彼爾維何惟常之華〉耳人耳也哉。言之間也乎。气也兮，气也。于气也，只气也，乃气也。思慮也，旃斾也，〈詩舍旃舍旃〉承奉也。〈音懲楚人語辭〉凡語辭惟哉乎兮。于只乃有義他，並假借以語辭之類，虛言難象。故因音而借焉。
右四十
《五音之借》
宮，本宮室之宮。商，本商度之商。角，本頭角之角。徵，本徵召之徵。羽，本羽毛之羽。
右五
《三詩之借》
風，本風蟲之風。雅，本烏鴉之鴉。頌，本顏容之容。三詩五音，皆聲也。聲不可象，並因音而借焉。
右三
《十日之借》
甲，本戈甲。乙，本魚腸。丙，本魚尾。丁，本蠆尾。戊，本武也。己，本儿也。庚，鬲也。辛，被罪也。壬，懷妊也。癸，艸木實也。
右十
《十二辰之借》
子，人之子也。丑手之械也，寅臏也，卯牖也，辰未詳。本義巳。蛇屬也。午未詳。本義未木之滋也。申持簡也，酉卣也。戌與戊戚同意。亥豕屬也。十日十二辰，惟巳亥有義他，並假借以日辰之類，皆虛意難象，故因音而借焉。
右十二
《方言之借》
鮦之為鮦〈音胄鮦陽縣名〉
歜之為歜〈上音觸下徂感切昌歜即昌蒲也〉
覃之為覃〈上如字下音剡詩以我覃耜〉
羹之為羹〈上更字下音郎楚地名〉
咎之為咎〈上如字下音皋皋陶字亦如此〉
穀之為穀〈奴走切楚人謂乳穀〉
枹之為枹〈上必茅切下音桴鼓枹也〉
敦之為敦〈音燾禮每敦一几〉為敦〈音凋敦弓〉
此皆非由音義而借，蓋因方言之異，故不易其字。右九
《雙音並義不為借假》
陶也〈陶冶之陶〉陶也〈皋陶之陶〉
鵰也〈都聊切隼類〉鵰也〈陟交切鶻鵰鴝鵒〉
駣也〈徒刀切馬四歲曰駣〉駣也〈他彫切馬三歲曰駣〉鷂也〈以照切〉鷂也〈音遙雉也〉
杷也〈補討切枋也〉杷也〈白加切收麥器〉
榮也〈永兵切桐也〉榮也〈音營屋榮〉
枸也〈音苟枸杞〉枸也〈音矩枳枸〉
椹也〈知林切禮射甲革椹質〉椹也〈徐甚切桑實〉校也〈古孝切木囚也〉校也〈戶教切木闌也〉
幅也〈布帛之劑〉幅也〈音逼行縢也〉
幓也〈所銜切旂幅〉幓也〈七消切頭括髮〉
襢也〈音但袒裼也〉襢也〈張彥切后六服有襢衣〉被也〈部委切寢衣也〉被也〈普義切春秋傳翠被豹舄〉衿也〈居吟切領也〉衿也〈其鴆切結也〉
裦也〈音袖袂也〉裦也〈由救切盛服也〉
凡此之類並雙音並義不為假借者也
右三十
凡假借類計五百九十八
《六書總計》象形類計六百八
指事類計百七
會意類計七百四十
轉注類計三百七十二
諧聲類計二萬一千八百十
假借類計五百九十八
凡六書總計二萬四千二百三十五
《起一成文圖》
衡為一。從為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11612-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音袞〉邪<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11611-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10679-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈房必切〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10679-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為ㄟ。〈分勿切〉至ㄟ而窮。折<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11614-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11546-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音及〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11546-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11506-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈呼旱切〉轉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11506-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11616-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音隱〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11377-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11376-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈居月切了從此見了部〉至<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11376-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />而窮。折<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11614-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11546-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者，側也。有側有正，正折為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11685-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈即宀字也又音帝又音入〉轉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11685-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11684-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈側加切〉側<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11684-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11703-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈音畎〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11703-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11699-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈音泉〉至泉而窮一，再折為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9799-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈五犯切〉轉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9799-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9795-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈口犯切〉側<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9795-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9796-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈音方〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9802-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9801-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈音播〉至<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9801-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />而窮引。一而饒合之方，則為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10706-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音圍〉圓，則為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11658-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音星〉至<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11658-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />則環轉無異勢，一之道盡矣。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11698-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音拄〉與一偶一能生，<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11698-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />不能生，以不可屈曲。又不可引，引則成<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11621-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。然<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11698-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />與一偶一能生，而<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11698-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />不能生，天地之道，陰陽之理也。
《因文成象圖》
有倒取倒上為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9798-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈下〉倒<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9797-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈饗〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9808-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈厚〉倒<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11490-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈子〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9807-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈他骨。切〉倒<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9810-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈首〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9809-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈。鳥〉倒<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11683-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈了〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11682-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈鳥〉有反取反，<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9804-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈惠〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9803-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9806-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈人〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11545-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈化〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11545-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈化〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11701-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈殄〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9815-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9818-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈呼懇切〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11548-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈止〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11547-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈撻〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9817-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈欠〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9812-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈旡音既〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11700-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈余制切〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11488-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈弋支反〉反<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9811-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈可〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9814-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈普可反〉有向取向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11487-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈父〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11490-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈子〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9813-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈后〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9824-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈司〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11374-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈左〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11370-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈右〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9826-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈几劇反〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9825-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈居玉反〉向。爪為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9820-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈掌〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11508-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈丑亦反〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11510-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈丑玉反〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11509-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈刀〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11505-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈匕〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9831-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈身〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9834-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈衣〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11504-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈居桀反〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11507-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈居月反〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9827-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9830-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈戕〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9829-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈永〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9840-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈𠂢音派〉向。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11511-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈雲〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11513-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈雷〉。有相向。取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9841-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈戶〉相向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9836-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈門〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9835-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈阜〉相向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9838-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音阜〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9837-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈邑〉相向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9848-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈鄉又音巷〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9826-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />相向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9850-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈鬥〉有相背取。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9849-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />相背為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9844-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈蒲撥反〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4557-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />相背為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9843-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈誑〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11489-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈己〉相背為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10569-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈弗〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9823-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈楚危反〉相背為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9873-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈舛〉有相背向取。向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11484-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音拱〉背。為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9846-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音攀〉向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11483-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈為〉背。為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9845-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈北〉向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9836-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈門〉背。為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9856-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈牖〉向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9855-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈俎〉背。為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9858-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈嫁〉。有近取。取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9857-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈天〉於≡。〈乾體〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11485-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈地亦為坤字〉於☷。〈坤體〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11495-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈水〉於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11498-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈坎體〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9852-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈火〉於☲。〈離體〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11492-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈六〉於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11491-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈四〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9851-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈丸〉於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11494-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈七〉取十於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11693-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈五〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9854-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈升〉於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9853-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈斗〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11502-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈耳〉於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11501-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈鼻〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11501-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9864-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈目〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9863-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈烏〉於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9866-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈鳥〉取<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9865-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9860-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈隹〉有遠取。取山於☶。〈艮體〉取雷於☳。〈震體〉取風於☴。〈巽體〉取澤於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11503-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈兌體〉取四五六七八九十於一二三。取千於百。取萬於千。取毛於髮。取男於女。
有加取。一加一為二。二加一為三。二加二為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10664-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，百加百為皕。〈必力反〉爻加爻為㸚。〈陟几反〉山加山為屾。〈所臻反〉水加水為沝。〈之壘反〉
有減取減。二十為廿。〈音入〉減三十為卉。〈酥沓反〉減四十為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9862-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈悉入反〉減三十年為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9861-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25853-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〉又有減<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11500-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈川〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11499-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈澮〉減<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11499-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4566-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈畎〉亦是減法。有微加減取。加<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10679-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為延減。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10679-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為㢟。〈丑連反〉加一為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9859-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈聿〉減一為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9872-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈尼輒反〉加<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10679-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為囪。〈楚江反〉減<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10679-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為囟。〈息進反〉加一為王。〈于況切〉減一為土。
有上取上。向左為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11512-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈禾〉向右為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11519-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音稽〉向左為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11518-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈毛〉向右為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11521-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈手〉有下取下。向右為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10683-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈少〉向左為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10592-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈子結反〉向右為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11520-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈訶〉向左為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11516-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音考〉有中取中。貫為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10599-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈毋〉不貫為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9901-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈母〉中交為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10328-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈交〉不交為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11645-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。有方圓取圓。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10706-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈圍〉為〇。〈音星又音槃〉方〇為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10706-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。有曲直取曲。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11612-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音袞〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11656-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈乙〉直<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11515-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11611-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。有離合取。離人〈入〉為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11517-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。合儿為人。有從衡取。衡<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11612-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11614-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。從<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11614-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11612-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。有邪正取。正為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11493-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。邪十為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11493-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。有順逆取。順理為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10091-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈從〉逆理為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9819-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈比〉有內外中間取。〇相內為◎。〈音雷又音回〉相外為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11527-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈鄰〉相間為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11526-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈環〉
《古今殊文圖》
黃帝貨貨作斤帝，嚳貨貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11529-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，高陽貨貨作斤商，貨貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9822-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。又作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9821-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，又作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9832-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。子貨金貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9833-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，周之圜法。貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9828-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，景王大錢。貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9839-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，齊公貨。貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9842-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，齊刀別種。貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9871-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，莒刀。貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4574-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，公貨刀。貨作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9874-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，黃帝。貨帝作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11535-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，帝昊。金帝作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4573-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。古文帝作二。〈此古文常用者未悉起自何代〉師<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page22649-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />敦帝作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9868-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，古幣金作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9867-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，黃帝貨金作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page3340-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，帝昊金金作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9869-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，帝嚳金金作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9880-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，商鍾金作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9879-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，周鉦金作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9882-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，晉鼎金作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9881-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，堯泉泉作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9876-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。又作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9875-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，商泉莊布泉作彡，巨泉泉作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10679-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，古尺斗柄泉作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11528-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，商貨布作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9878-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，又作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9877-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。齊公布布作大齊布，布作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9888-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，商鍾惟作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9887-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，周敦惟作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9890-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，商鍾子作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11523-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，周敦子作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11522-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。
古今殊文多矣，以此六條亦足見焉。
《一代殊文圖》
太昊金昊作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11525-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11524-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。高陽金高作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11534-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9889-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9884-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9883-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9886-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9885-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。堯泉堯作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11533-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9896-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。又古文堯作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24280-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，又作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9898-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，開元文字堯作士。夏貨夏作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11536-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9897-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9892-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。古文書禹作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9891-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，雲臺碑禹作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9894-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，商貨商作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9893-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9904-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9903-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9906-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9905-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9900-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9899-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。商壺辛作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9902-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。商卣辛作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11532-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。祖辛爵辛作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11531-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。祖戊匜辛作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11542-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。齊刀齊作品，復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page26073-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。復作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10676-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page3757-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />敦又有作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10686-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。
一代殊文，多矣。以此八條，亦足見焉。
《諸國殊文圖》
晉姜鼎通作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10688-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，虢姜鼎通作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10687-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，宋公鼎公作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10682-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，魯公鼎公作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11543-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，晉姜鼎文作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10681-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，周公鼎文作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10684-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，周敦文作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11538-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，屈生敦君作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11537-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，姬<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page30948-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />簠君作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11540-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，宋君鼎君作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9656-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈周敦在作巾尹彝在作廾〉父癸鼎在作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9655-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，父乙彝在作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11539-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，周公鼎作作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11550-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，晉姜鼎作作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9870-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，孔父鼎作作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11549-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，楚王彝作作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9847-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。
諸國殊文多矣，以此六條，亦足見焉。
《殊文總論》
觀古今殊文，與一代殊文，則知先儒以義理說文字者，徒勞用心。一貨可說也，二貨何說乎？二貨可說也。三貨四貨至於十三貨，何說乎？既有十三文，豈亦有十三義乎？一高可說也，二高何說乎？二高可說也。三高四高五高六高，何說乎？既有六文，豈亦有六義乎？況此文盡出聖人之手，豈聖人之書無義而秦人史隸之書反有義乎？大抵書以紀命為本，豈在文義以義取文者？書之失也。後人之書，附義成文。古人之書，舍義成文。文而無義者，皆古聖人之書也。附義成文者，皆是依緣意想而取象。舍依緣則其意無所繫著。此後人之用心也。觀諸國殊文，則知三代之時，諸國之書有同有異，各隨所習，而安不可彊之？使同秦人無知，欲使天下好惡趨避盡徇於我，易天下之心，而同吾之心，易天下之面，而同吾之面。
諧聲變體論〈急慢聲諧高下聲諧〉
《論急慢聲諧》
急慢聲諧者，慢聲為二，急聲為一也。《梵書》：謂二合聲是矣。梵人尚音，故有合二而成聲，合三合四而成聲。華人尚文，惟存二合此於《梵書》中。論之矣。《詩》序曰：聲成文，謂之音。知聲有急慢，則發而為文，抑揚合度，鏗鏘中節，箋釋之家，全不及此。至於語辭渾而無別，但取言中之義，不問句中之節。故柳宗元極《論語》辭之義，良由不知急慢之節，所以辭與句不相當。慢聲為者焉，急聲為旃，旃為者焉之。應慢聲為者與，急聲為諸，諸為者與之應。又如慢聲為而已。急聲為耳。慢聲為之矣。急聲為只，慢聲為者也，急聲為者，慢聲為也。者急聲為也。慢聲為嗚。呼急聲為嗚，慢聲為噫，嘻急聲為噫。皆是相應之辭也。此並載籍中，常語先儒不知考究。又如語言之中，慢聲為激搏，急聲為郭。慢聲為中央，急聲為張者，亦是也。古艷歌曰：蘭草自然香，生於大道傍。十月鉤鐮起，并在束薪中。此中央之為張也。張平子《西京賦》云：翔鶤仰而弗逮，滉青鳥與黃雀伏櫺檻，而俯聽聞雷霆之搏激。此則激搏之為郭也。可以觸類而長。
《論高下聲諧》〈音讀附〉
董正之董，亦為督察之督者。東董，凍督，故也。改更之更，亦為變革之革者。更梗更〈去聲〉革，故也。伊之為已，〈大誥曰已予惟小子〉已之為億，〈易曰億喪貝又曰億無喪有事〉伊已意億，故也。非之為匪，匪之為弗。非匪沸弗，故也。眅即盻者，攀眅盻，故也。儆類敬者，京儆敬，故也。翻之為反，庸之為用，邪之為也。之之為只者，並此道也。而之為爾，爾之為汝，汝之為若，于之為於，於之為與，與之為與，〈音譽〉亦此道也。是皆一義之所起，而發聲有輕重耳。乃若父雖甫音，讀若輔道。雖杜老切。讀若導。《禮記》：大昕。昕，音忻。讀若希。《說文》：臑字音懦。讀若襦。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24949-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />字，特丁切。讀若亭。此為音讀之別，無非聲之諧也。
《論諧聲之惑》
左氏曰：止戈為武，武非從止。凡<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page2979-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />芷齒恥之類，從止武從戈，從亡從戈以見義，從亡以見聲。古文歌舞之舞，作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24461-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。振撫之撫，作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page26239-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。廊廡之廡，作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page5426-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。於古並從亡於今，並從無而無，於篆文亦從亡。則武之從亡，又何疑焉？若曰：武欲見止戈，則古之武有作戊者，又有作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page31240-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者。戊之前垂，象執戈揚盾之義。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page31240-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />之從習，有習用干戈之義。及戊為戊己之戊，<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page31240-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為襲敵之襲，〈襲敵之字古作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page19985-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />今用衣襲字〉則戎事之武，專用武也。若曰：武有止戈之義，又何必曰偃武乎？亡之與止，易得相紊。《左氏》所見止之訛也。武於六書為諧聲，武戈類也。武之從亡，亦猶戰之從單，〈音善〉戮之從翏，〈音六〉戢之從咠，〈音緝〉戣之從癸，皆聲之諧也。禮記曰：祖者，且也。祖非從且，凡罝姐之類，從且徂祖之類，從且〈音徂〉祖無且義。又曰：<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25444-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者，<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25254-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />也。若<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25444-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />之從井，而有<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25254-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />之義。則<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page26031-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />也，阱也，耕也。亦可曰<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25444-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />乎？又曰：富也者，福也。若富之從畐，〈芳伏切〉而有福之義，則輻也，幅也，副也，亦可曰福乎？若曰角觸也，商章也。秋之為揫，春之為蠢，皆此類也。凡此類，是皆不識諧聲。
《論象形之惑》
左氏曰：反正為乏正，無義也。正乃射侯之正，〈音征〉象其形焉。正〈音征〉以受矢，乏以藏矢，是相反也。反正為乏，其義在此。或曰：反正為丏〈音沔〉丏蔽矢，短牆也。正以受矢，丏以蔽矢，是相反也。此亦反正為乏之義邪。正之正，無所象，故正用侯正之正邪。用琅邪之邪，並協音，而借是為假借之書也。韓子曰：自營為厶，〈音私〉厶非自營之義也。厶於篆文作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11682-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。象男子之勢。故又音鳥。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11552-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />與<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11551-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈即了字〉敵了者交脛之端也，故厶勢下垂了狀槌上。並是象形之文。若乃自營之，厶與了絕之。了並同音，而借亦為假借之書。疊古作疊，祭肉之積在器也。從宜，祭器也。從晶，〈音精〉象積肉之形。疊與豐同意。豐亦俎豆之衍也。揚雄以疊為古，理官決罪三日得其宜，乃行，故從三日從宜。此亦為不識象形者也。何用識奇字之多乎？能象熊之形。許氏謂：能熊屬則可矣。又曰：賢能之能，何也？出象花英之形。許氏謂：象草木益滋上，出亦可矣。又曰：出進何也？是皆惑，象形於假借者也。三代之前，有左氏韓子。三代之後，有揚雄、許慎，猶不達六書之義，況他人乎？
《論一二之所生》
臣六書證篇，實本《說文》而作。凡許氏是者，從之非者，違之其同乎？許氏者，因畫成文，文必有說。因文成字，字必有解，其異乎？許氏者，每篇總文字之成，而證以六書之義，故曰六書。《證篇》然許氏多虛言，《證篇》惟實義。許氏所說，多滯於《死證篇》。所說獨得其生，蓋許氏之義，著於簡書，而不能離簡書，故謂之《死證篇》之義。舍簡書之陳跡，能飛行走動，不滯一隅，故謂之生。今舉一二之義，為《說文》之首篇者，可以見矣。《說文》於一則曰惟。初太始道立於一，造分天地，化成萬物，故於一之類，則生元、生天、生丕、生吏。然元從上丕從地吏，從又皆非一也。惟天從一。《證篇》於一，則曰一數也。又象地之形，又象貫物之狀。在上為一，故生天生百，在中為貫。故生毌〈音貫〉生<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page5427-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，〈古文車〉在下為地。故生旦生丕，為貫為地者無音，以無所麗，則復為一矣。是以無音。《說文》於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10673-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音上〉則曰<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10673-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，高也。此古文<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10673-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />指事也。故於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10673-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />之類，則生帝、生旁、生下。然帝本象形，旁則形，兼聲下，非從上。而與上偶，《證篇》於<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10673-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />則曰二，音貳。又音上殺。上者為上殺，下者為下，在物之中者，象編連之形，在物之上下者，象覆載之位，故於二則生竺生亝。於上則生元生帝，於下則生<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24068-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音鎮〉生<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page28841-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈良仞切〉於中則生冊生冄。於上下則生亟生亙，在中在上下者無音，以自不能成體，必有所麗，是以無音。此臣所作，《證篇》之旨也。
《論子母》
立類為母，從類為子。母主形，子主聲。《說文》：眼學眼見之，則成類耳。聽之則不成類。《廣韻》：耳學耳聽之則成類，眼見之則不成類。故《說文》主母而役子，《廣韻》主子而率母。《說文》形也，禮也。《廣韻》聲也，樂也。《說文》以母統子，《廣韻》以子該母。臣舊作象類書，總三百三十。母為形之主，八百七十。子為聲之主，合千二百。文而成無窮之字。許氏作《說文》，定五百四十類，為字之母。然母能生，而子不能生。今《說文》誤以子為母者，二百十類。且如《說文》有句類生拘。生鉤有𠧪類生，栗生<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page20325-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />有<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page5409-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />類。生胖生叛有菐類，生僕生<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page28840-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />據。拘當入手類。鉤當入金類。則句為虛設。栗當入木類，<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page31345-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />當入米類，則𠧪為虛設，胖當入肉類，叛當入反類，則半為虛設。僕當入人類，<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page28840-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />當入臣類，則菐為虛設。蓋句也，𠧪也，半也，菐也，皆子也，子不能生，是為虛設，此臣所以去其二百十，而取其三百三十也。
《論子母所自》
或曰：作文之始，其實一也。何以成母？何以成子？曰：顯成母，隱成子。近成母，遠成子。約成母，滋成子。同成母，獨成子。用成母，不用成子。得勢成母，不得勢成子。來與麥同物，麥顯而來隱。牙與齒同物，齒顯而牙隱。故麥為母，而來為子。齒為母，而牙為子。龍與魚同物，魚近而龍遠。㲋〈丑略切〉與兔同物，兔近而㲋遠。故魚為母，而龍為子。兔為母，而㲋為子。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page22651-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈胡感切〉與𢎘〈音同上〉同象，𢎘約而<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page22651-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />滋。豆與登同象，豆約而登滋。故𢎘為母，而<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page22651-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為子。豆為母而登為子。烏與鳥同體，鳥同而烏獨。易與豸同體，豸同而易獨。故鳥為母，而烏為子。豸為母，而易為子。眉與目相比，目用而眉不用。疋〈音疏〉與足相比，足用而疋不用。故目為母，而眉為子。足為母，而疋為子。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11374-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈左〉與<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11370-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈右〉敵體<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11370-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />得勢，而<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11374-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />不得勢。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9846-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音攀〉與<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11484-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音拱〉敵體<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11484-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />得勢，而<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4565-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />不得勢。故<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11370-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為母，而<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11374-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為子．<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11484-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為母，而<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4567-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為子。舉此六條，可以觸類而長。
《論省文》
凡省文有聲，關於義者，有義關於聲者，甜之從舌者，義也。舌之所嗜者，甘恬之從。舌者，非舌也。謂之從甜，省是之謂。聲關於義，營之從<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24006-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音熒〉者，聲也。以呂為主，以<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24006-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為聲，勞之從<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24006-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者，非聲也。謂之從營省，是之謂義，關於聲。伊從人從尹，謂伊尹能尹，正天下。如<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page23872-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' /><img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page31708-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />之<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page23872-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，從伊省，亦謂之聲。關於義。和謂調和之和，如銛利之利。從刀從和省。《易》曰：利者，義之。和此亦謂之義。關於聲。凡省文之類，可以準此。
《論篆隸》
篆通而隸僻，故有左無右，有𨸏〈今作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page3271-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />音阜〉無<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24226-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音阜〉於篆則左向右，為左右向，左為右。獨向為𨸏，相向為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24226-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。篆明而隸晦，故有王無玉，有未無朱。於篆則中一，近上為王，中一居中，為玉中一直，為朱中一，不直為未。篆巧而隸拙，故有門〈音覓〉無冂。〈音坰〉有<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11698-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〈音拄〉無<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11612-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音袞〉於篆則上冒為冂，不冒為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page9799-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。上加<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11698-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為主，加<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11612-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />為宀。篆縱而隸拘，故有刀無匕，有禾無禾。〈音稽〉於篆體向左為刀，向右為匕首。向左為禾，向右為禾。然則篆之於隸，猶筮之於龜。
《論創意》
炅 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25306-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' /> 炔
右三字，並音桂。乃秦博士桂真之後，避地別居，各撰其姓之文，而不殊本者。
𩅦、〈音彎〉莔、〈音迄〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page30531-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />、〈音觥〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page23709-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />、〈音賢〉壾、〈音莽〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24681-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />、〈音舉〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page21826-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />、〈音褒〉<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page21670-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音擁〉
右八字。孫亮命子，據桂氏命姓，孫氏命子。制十一字，惟炔。猶得桂聲，而又無義。餘十字，聲義兩途，俱不通文，而非文字，而非字者也。
《論變更》
夃、〈音沽〉罪
右二字，秦人以市買，多得為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25733-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。罪舊作辠。始皇以其似皇字，改而為罪。
<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10759-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代天 埊代地 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11588-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代日 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11587-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代月〈又作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page26097-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />〉〇代星 𢘗代臣 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10761-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代載 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10766-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代初<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24427-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代年 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page5424-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代正又作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page25711-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' /> 曌代照<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page28647-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代證 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page20887-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代聖 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page29520-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代授 <img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page21866-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />代戴圀代國
右。武后更造十六字，代舊十六字。史臣儒生皆謂其草創，無義。以臣觀之，天作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10759-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，日作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11588-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，並篆文也。年作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page24427-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，正作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page5424-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。並古文行於世者，授古文亦有作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page29520-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' /><img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page21685-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者。國亦有作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page5425-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者地，籀文或有作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page3159-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者，星崔希裕纂古而作〇，孰謂其草創而無所本與？
對舊作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page30071-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。漢文以言多非誠，故去口而作對。隋舊作隨文帝以周齊不遑寧處，故去辵而作隋。疊舊作疊，新室以三日太盛，改為三田。𩢍舊作騧，宋明以咼，〈音喎〉類禍改而為瓜。形影之影，舊作景，葛稚川加彡於右。軍陣之陣，舊作陳，王逸少去東用車。㝏丘之山，三倉合而為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page22652-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音㝏〉章貢之水，後人合而為贛。〈音紺〉荒昏二義。元次山諡隋煬帝，合而為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page29135-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。〈音荒〉鄗〈火各切〉本一名分，而為高邑者，漢光武也。鄚嫌近鄭，更而為莫。豳嫌近，幽更而為邠。此並唐明皇所更也。
《論遷革》
雅，本烏鴉之鴉。借為雅頌之雅，復有鴉矣。故雅遂為雅頌之雅。後人不知雅本為鴉。雇本九鳸之鳸。借為雇賃之雇。復有鳸矣，故雇遂為雇賃之雇。後人不知雇本為鳸。頌本顏容之容，故從公從頁借為歌頌之頌。今人見頌知歌頌之頌而已，安知頌本為容。泉本貨錢之錢，故於篆象古刀。文借為泉水之泉，今人見泉知泉水之泉而已，安知泉本為錢。
《論便從》
人與蟲、魚、禽、獸同物。同物者，同為動物也。天地之間，一經一緯，一從一衡。從而不動者成經，衡而往來者成緯。草木成經，為植物。人與蟲魚禽獸成緯，為動物。然人為萬物之靈，所以異於蟲魚禽獸者。蟲魚禽獸動而俯，人動而仰。獸有四胑而衡，行人有四胑而從。行植物理，從動物理。衡從理向上，衡理向下。人動物也，從而向上，是以動物而得植物之體。向上者，得天向下者，得地人生乎？地而得天之道本乎？動物而得植物之理，此人之所以靈於萬物者。以其兼之也。人之體理從，故文字便從，不便衡坎，離坤衡卦也。以之為字，則必從。故<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11498-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />必從，而後能成<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4572-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11497-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />必從，而後能成火。<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11496-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />必從，而後能成<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11485-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。舟以衡濟，車以衡運。舟車衡器也。作舟者必楹航而後能成<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11572-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。作車者，必弋軸而後能成<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10655-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。隹以衡飛，魚以衡走。隹魚衡物也。作隹者，必作縣隹之勢，而後能成<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10654-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。作魚者，必作貫魚之勢，而後能成<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10674-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。鼻從竅目，衡竅作鼻者，必為從<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11567-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。作目者，亦為從<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10695-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。此可知其務從也。蓋人理從，從則起，起則生，衡則臥，臥則尸。
《論華梵上》
諸蕃文字不同，而多本於梵書。流入中國，代有大鴻臚之職，譯經潤文之官，恐不能盡通其旨，不可不論也。梵書左旋，其勢向右。華書右旋，其勢向左。華以正錯成文，梵以偏纏成體。華則一音該一字，梵則一字或貫數音。華以直相隨，梵以橫相綴。華有象形之文，梵亦有之。尾作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10694-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，有尾垂之形。縛作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4563-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，有纏縛之象。華有省文之字，梵亦有之。地本作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10742-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，亦省作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11576-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。縛本作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10690-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，亦省作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11566-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。馱本作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11569-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，亦省作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11575-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。華有同聲而借之字，梵亦有之野作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11568-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。而也亦作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11574-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，馱作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11581-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，而陁亦作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11581-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，華有協聲而借之字。梵亦有之。微用<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10743-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，而尾亦用<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11580-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。薩用<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11579-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，而散亦用<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11578-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。華書有重二之義，如舊漢書元元休息。下元字，只作二。石鼓文嶧山碑重字皆作二。梵書凡疊句重言，則小作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11577-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。但華書每字之重，皆作二。梵書一字疊一言，重者作一<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11577-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />三字四字。疊三言四言，重者亦只作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page4564-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。華蓋以目傳，故必詳於書。梵以口傳，如曲譜。然書但識其大略，華之讀別聲。故就聲而借梵之讀別音，故即音而借。如史瑟同用<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10764-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者。師史使瑟，商音之和也。帝嚲同用<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11586-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />者。低底帝嚲亦商音之和也。娑薩同用<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11702-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，亦商音之和。誐孽同用，<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page10733-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />是為角音之和。
《論華梵中》
觀今七音韻鑑，出自西域。應琴七絃，天籟所作，故從衡正倒，展轉成圖，無非自然之文，極是精微，不比韻書。但平上去入而已。七音之學，學者不可不究。華有二合之音，無二合之字。梵有二合三合四合之音，亦有其字。華書惟琴譜有之，蓋琴尚音，一音難可一字，該必合數字之體，以取數音之文。二合者取二體也，如娑作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11583-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，縛作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11582-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，二合娑縛則取縛之。下體以合於娑而為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11585-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />字。如囉作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11593-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，馱作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11595-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，曩作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11589-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，三合囉馱曩，則上取囉，中取馱，下取曩，而為<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11590-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />字。如悉作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11592-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，底作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11594-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，哩作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11584-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，野亦作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11596-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />，四合悉底哩。野則取悉之上體，以合於野之下體，而包底哩為錯文，不必具底哩，故其字作<img src='https://r.cnkgraph.com/Chars/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GJfont.pdf/page11591-18px-GJfont.pdf.jpg' />。然二合者是雙音，合為單音也。如雙為者焉，單為旃雙為者，與單為諸。然則雙為娑縛，單為索。雙為娑嚲，單為薩，何不即一索足矣？安用合娑縛一薩足矣？安用合娑嚲哉？曰：華音論讀，必以一音為一讀。故雖者焉可以獨言旃雖者與？可以獨言諸也。梵音論諷，雖一音而一音之中，亦有抑揚高下，故娑縛不可以言索娑，嚲不可以言薩，實有微引勾帶之狀焉。凡言二合者，謂此音非一，亦非二也。言三合者，謂此音非一，非二亦非三也。言四合者，謂此音非一，非二非三亦非四也。但言二合者，其音獨易。言三合四合者，其音轉難，大抵華人不善音。今梵僧咒，雨則雨，應咒龍則龍，見頃刻之間，隨聲變化。華僧雖學其聲，而無驗者，實音聲之道有未至也。
《論華梵下》
梵人別音在音，不在字。華人別字在字，不在音。故梵書甚簡，只是數個屈曲耳。差別不多，亦不成文理，而有無窮之音焉。華人苦不別音，如切韻之學。自漢以前，人皆不識，實自西域流入中土。所以韻圖之類，釋子多能言之，而儒者皆不識起例。以其源流出於彼耳。華書制字極密，點畫極多。梵書比之，實相遼邈。故梵有無窮之音，而華有無窮之字。梵則音有妙義，而字無文彩。華則字有變通，而音無錙銖。梵人長於音，所得從聞入，故曰此方真教體。清淨在音，聞我昔三摩提，盡從聞中入。有目根功德少，耳根功德多之說。華人長於文，所得從見入，故天下以識字人為賢智，不識字人為愚庸。
《張君房·雲笈七籤》《八顯書》
八顯者，一曰天書，八會是也。二曰神書。雲篆是也。三曰地書，龍鳳之象也。四曰內書，龜龍魚鳥所吐者也。五曰外書，鱗甲毛羽所載也。六曰鬼書，雜體微昧非人所解者也。七曰中夏書，草藝雲篆是也。八曰戎裔書，類於昆蟲者也。此六文八體，或今字同古，或古字同今，符彩交加，共成一法，合為一用。故同異無定也。此依宋法師所說，未見正文，而《三洞經》中符有字者，如古文尚書中有古字，與今同者耳。